Improvement in hollow-tile walls



G. H. JOHNSON & W. FR EEBORN Improvement ln Hollow-Tile Walls.

Patented Oct. l5, 1872.

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j?? Ve 2z fa ful UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIOE.

GEORGE H. JOHNSON AND WILLIAM FREEBORN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

IMPROVEMENT IN HOLLOW-TILE WALLS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 132,291, dated October15, 1872.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that we, GEORGE H. JOHNSON andWILLIAM FREEBORN, both of the city of Chicago, county of Cook, and Stateof Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in theConstruction and Binding Together of Hollow-Tile Walls, Partitions,Vault-Linings, 85o., and we do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable thoseskilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawing forming part of this specification, in which-Figure 1 represents an isometrical view of a double-tile wall, fastenedtogether with the improved binder or clamp A; Fig. 2 represents anisometrical view of a single-tile wall fastened together with theimproved binder or clamp A; Fig. 3 represents a longitudinal section ofthe single-tile wall, showing the manner of fastening vertically andhorizontally with the improved binder or clamp A, and Fig. 4 representsa half-size view of the binder or clamp A.

The nature of this invention consists in the construction of hollowwalls made of any incombustible material, whereby great strength isobtained with less than one half the weight' of a solid wall of equaldimensions, enabling us to build partitions across ordinary floorswithout reference to the position of the beams or girders, and alsoenabling us to build fireproof structures at a greatly reduced cost, forthe reason that much lighter beams can be used, as also lighter walls tocarry the same. Our method of tieing or binding the wall togetherhorizontally and vertically by the use of the clamp A, will' be seen byreference to Figs. 1 and 2; the thickness of the clamp projects aboveeach course of the tiles, and as they invariably break joints it allowsthe top course to set down over or t around two or more sides of theclamp, thus locking every ness,-as shown by Fig. 1, by laying a headerand stretcher alternately. Walls built on this plan of the samethickness of a solid Wall of brick are much stronger and stiffer, withthe additional advantages of being not more than one half the weight andwithout the using of furringand lathing, which are indispensable to asolid wall to avoid dampness, as by our principle all the moistureabsorbed from the exterior, through the pores of the tiles by capillaryattraction, is carried oft by the air circulating through the spaces inthe tiles. We also intend using the tile to construct linings fornre-proof vaults in buildings, also cemetery vaults and all structuresrequiring a circulation of air between the interior lining to carry offthe dampness from the outside walls, and to keep the inside of thestructures at the same temperature as the outer air, thereby preventingthe deposit of moisture and rendering such structures as dry and freefrom dampness as ordinary.rooms.

What we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The fastening together vertically and horizontally, by the binders orclamps A, of the hollow tile B, forming a wall of any desired thickness,substantially as shown and described.

2. A single-tile hollow wall laid longitudinally, and composed' of therunners B, fastened together vertically and horizontally by the bindersor clamps A, substantially as shown and described.

3. The binder or clamp A made of any material, and so constructed and`placed that every tile in the wall will be bound or clamped togethervertically, and locked or doWeled together horizontally, substantiallyas shown and described.

GEO. H. JOHNSON. WM. FREEBORN.

Witnesses EDWIN ROET. HALL, WM. D. KERFOOT.

